Ukuphupha amafruits amahle umuthi emhlabeni. Lokhu kungaba wumphumela wokusetshenziswa kwemithi yobumnyama kuwena nom… Apr 11, 2022 路 Zingane zakwethu zikhona izinto zokuphushwa kodwa ukuphupha umuntu enqunu yinto engafanele ukuthu ijwayele ukwenzeka kuwe. Imvamisa lowo muntu okunikeza uswidi kusuke kungumuntu omaziyo futhi osondelene noma obesondelene nawe uma engasekho emhlabeni. Kusho ukuthini ukuphupha ulwandle olumhlophe, kube ngathi amagagasi amhlophe, afuna ukunimboza nomdeni wakho, iphupho liphele sibhukuda kulamanzi amhlophe, sifuna ukuphuma ngoba amanzi olwandle bemakhulu kakhulu. ukuphupha uhleka , uxoxa naye , ujabule 3. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu ozibona ezala amawele angashadile ephusheni lakhe angase abonise isidingo sokubuyekeza Uma uphupha ubona izitshalo incazelo iya ngokuthi zikhula kanjani. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma useyingane wawunesihlahla futhi wakha ama-apula, ulamula, amawolintshi noma amakhiwane uma ubhekene nesikhathi sokukhumbula. Uma uyindoda uphuph… Amaphupho ngotshwala besintu ayibika lokuthi idlozi lakho alijabulile. Okubalulekile ngokuphupha imoto kuba yizinto ezimbili: Kuba umbala wemoto Kube yisimo sakho mayelana naleyo moto Lokhu ngeke kukholakale Ukuphupha imali – ukuphupha inkece kuya ngokuthi enjani, uma kuyinkece engamaphepha lokho kusho ishobolo, kodwa ke uma kuyimali emhlophe kusho inhlanhla. Kwaqhamuka izwi lithi vele wena mbali akudingi kuthi wenzeni lokhu Okada zokwenza la olwandle kona kade funeral usungahamba uye ekhaya . Uma kuzohamba umuntu emhlabeni kubakhona izimpawu ezishoyo ukuthi kukhona okuzokwenzeka. iAfrika. Kanti ke ukuphupha amanzi ahlanzekile, phakathi kuwo kukhona izinhlanzi kanye nenyoka – lokho kusho ukuthi izinto zakho ziyakhanya noma zimhlophe. Ukwazi ukucabanga, ukuzwa noma ukwenza okuthandayo empilweni. Uma ungowesifazane ongashadile kusho ukuthi kuzoba nezinkinga nelobolo lakho. Lokhu kungakuholela ukuphupha ngezithelo. Kusho kuthini ukuphupha mamakho ongasekho emhlabeni ephethe ingane. Kungasho nokuthi uzophumelela ekusaseni lakho. Ekuthteheni kwakhe akekho nasesimweni sempilo uphethe ngezikhwama nama suitcases amaningi馃槬馃槬馃槬. Ungakhetha ukwenza okuthandayo. Jul 11, 2023 路 Sawubona ngsacela ukubuza ukuthi kuchazani ukuphupha ngisiza umlungu obekungathi uyagula ngfike ngamqukula embhedeni ngimbalekisa ngoba bekunabanye abelungu abebethunywe ukuzombulala ngakwazi ukumbalekisa ngase ngimyisa kwenye indawo engathi ispa eyogezwa nakhona ubegezwa abanye abelungu after esencono kwafika abelungu abako 10 to 15 befike besika inwele zabo ezimhlophe , ezimnyama kanye nezi Ukuphupha amanzi kujwayele ukuhambisa nedlozi nabantu abadala , kujwayele ukuhambisana nezimpawu zokuba yisangoma noma unamandla athile emomoya Ukuphupha ubhukuda emanzini noma emfuleni noma olwandle Uma uphupha omunye wabantu bakini abangasekho emhlabeni, lokho kusho ukuthi basuke benomyalezo abafuna ukuwudlulisa kulabo abasaphilayo. Omunye abe nenhlanhla ngisho nokumbona umuntu lowo ozohamba emhlabeni. Kweminye imindeni bakhishwa yizisu bonke ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukuphupha ngamanzi angcolile kumela izimo ezimbi noma ukungaqiniseki okufanele kucatshangelwe sonke isikhathi noma okwenza kube nesidingo sokuthi uhlale uqaphile. Izincazelo ziba sekutheni ngubani owuphuphile ngokobulili futhi uwuphuphe unjani noma kwenzakalani kulow mgodi. Ukuphupha ugeza emfuleni uwedwa noma nibabili kusho ukuthi kumele uhlambuluke noma nihlambulukelane nalowomuntu ovele ephusheni lakho obugeza kanye naye. Ukuphupha ngemali kusho ukuthini ngempilo yakho. Abaningi baye becabange Aug 19, 2020 路 Ukuphupha ukhala uvuka ukhala kusho umuzwa wenkululeko, nokho kungase kube nezincazelo ezengeziwe zaleli phupho! Akuvamile ukuthi abantu bazibambe izinyembezi, ikakhulukazi lapho bephambi kwabanye. Dreams are not simply products of the subconscious mind in this cultural context but are believed to be profound messages from the spiritual realm. Kusuke kuy… amaphupho ajwayelekile ashiwo ngabantu ngomnakwenu 1. Umbuzo: Ngivuswa iphupho engathi ngikhuluma nentombi yami efonini sibanga ingane yena uthi akusiyo eyami ingane kanti 2 weeks back bengiphupha umama wami osangishiya emhlabeni ephethe ingane ngambuza mina ngathi ma ekabani ingane othiphethe wathi thatha ingane yakho Kade ngikuphathele yona ngikhuluma njr intombi yami ikhulelwa ithi ayazi ukuthi Apr 24, 2022 路 Ukuphupha Imoto Kusho Ukuthini? Kudumile kwabaningi ukuthi uma uphupha imoto lokho kusuke kusho isifo. Oct 30, 2022 路 Ukuphupha umuntu ongasekho ephila kungaba nezincazelo eziningi. Ukuphupha Umuntu Ongasekho Abantu abangasekho bayabuya basivakashele emaphusheni silele. Oct 18, 2023 路 Ukuphupha umemulo kubungazwa kujatshulwe kungasho injabulo ezayo noma impumelelo. Lokhu sikushiswo wukuthi leliphupho likhomba isimo esingalungile kahle empilweni yakho noma kulowo osuke umbona ephusheni. Uma uphupha izithelo eziningi ezahlukene. Ukuphupha kuqhuma isibhamu kungasho ukuthi kunomsindo ongemuhle edlozini kumele kube nenhlabuluko, futhi kungasho ukuthi kunemithi emibi abasuke bekugadla ngayo. Indlela esibhukuda ngayo, ukujula kwamanzi, nombala wawo kubonisa ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nemizwa enganakile etholwa umphuphi. Futhi kusho ukuthini uma lesi sithelo siyiphupho ephusheni? Ingabe uphawu oluhle noma uphawu olubi? Konke kuncike kwimininingwane ethize yephupho, kanye nendlela yokuhumusha. Uma uphupha usendaweni emnyama ungakwazi ukuphuma kuyona. ukuphupha umzimba wakho ugcwele izilonda eziningi yikho esikuchazile ngenhla. 09/02/2020 at 12:51 Nansi incazelo esinayo lapho uphupha umama wakho, Emhlabeni kunabantu abambalwa abangathandi ama-apula - izithelo ezinomsoco, ezinempilo nezithelo ezihlwabusayo. Uma uphupha ukuthi udla ukudla okumnandi uzothola injabulo nempumelelo empilweni. Into nje okufanele siyigcizelele wukuthi umbala wemoto unjani. UKUPHUPHA UDLA . Ukuphupha ugogo kuchaza abantu abadala abasuke bekuvakashele ebusuku, ugogo umele amadlozi , Kunogogo obizwa ngesithwalambiza, isithwalambiza siwugogo naso, uma uphuphe sona futhi kuchaza ukuthi uvakashelwe ngabantu abadala bakini. Uma uphupha ukuthi udla amastrobheri kusho ukuthi uzophumelela emsebenzini nasebudlelwaneni…. ukuphupha ulwa no mnakwenu 2. Izinjongo zingaba ezithinta ingqondo, okungokomzwelo, noma ukufinyelela lapho okwenzeka khona okuthandayo empilweni uma usuphapheme. Ukuphupha umuntu ekuhubha ngesibhamu kodwa ukwazi ukubaleka agcine engakudubulanga kungasho ukuthi impi ozobhekana nayo noma okubi okuzayo uzokunqoba. Apr 11, 2022 路 Kuchazani Ukuphupha Ugwazwa? Abantu abaningi abasibhalele besibuza ngokuthi kuchazani ukuphupha ugwaza sizamile ukubaphendula. Ngicela nisize lichazani Ukuphupha Ukhala, the art of dreaming and weeping, offers a captivating glimpse into the world of Zulu culture and dream interpretation. Lokhu ukuphupha ugwazwa ngomese kucace nje bha ukuthi lana ubheke nengozi eza ngesikhali Ukuphupha ulotsholwa abakhongi befika beqhuba izinkomo ezibomvu khona kungasho ukuthi ungenwa abethongo lakomalume, lelo idlozi lasekhakomama lakho eliza kuwe nomsebenzi wamathongo. Amaphupho ngamastrobheri. Cela ukubuza. Leli phupho lingasho ukuthi khona ilungu lomndeni elizoshona noma loyo omubonayo ephuphweni evunule embethe nomhlwehlwe kukhona ubunzima azobhekana nabo. Sawubone ngiphuphe ngibona iithuna lika mamncane esewahamba emhlabeni lingujwile kwathathwa okuthile phathikathi, ephupheni ngiyazizwa izinja zikhokhotha kodwa ngasaba ukuvuka nje ngiyabheka ukuthi zikhokhothani ithuna lakhe lise baleni, bangivuka ekuseni ligujiwe. Ubhekane nenkinga noma isimo semizwa esinzima. Okufanele kungenzeki uma konke kuhamba kahle ukuphupha umuntu Ukuphupha ngamanzi acwebile kumela ukuthula engqondweni. Sanibonani kuchazani ukuphupha usolwandle ukhuleka the qeda khuleka nga khuluma nobaba khona olwande bengathi zomcela kuthi akakhanyisele nango xolelana ngoba akasekho yena emhlabeni . Aug 16, 2023 路 Ukuphupha wena ukaka kungasho ukuthi kukhona ukugula ithongo lakho elisuke likukhipha kuwena okungaba yinto ewubuthi engabeka impilo yakho engcupheni, noma kusuke kunezimo ezinzima obubhekene nazo ozokhululeka kuzo. Uma isihlahla siluhlaza noma ubona izihlahla eziningi-kusho ukuthi uyojabula futhi ubenenhlanhla. Ngicela ukubuza ukuthi kuchaza ukuthini ukuphupha umama wendoda yakho usadlula emhlabeni ngimazela ezethombeni kule phupho sasisendlini Kubo endlini yendodana ykhe Amaphupho ebhadi isikhathi esiningi awadingi ukuthi ahunyushwe noma achazwe ngoba okwenzeka kulona kusuke kuyilokho okuphuphayo. Kunenkolelo yokuthi uma ukwenza lokho akutshela khona uba nezinhlanhla futhi ayafika njalo kuwena akuvikele uma ubhekene nezingqinamba. UKUPHUPHA UMUNTU ONGASEKHO Kusho ukuthini ukuphupha uGogo ozala uMama kodwa akasekho egcwele izintuthwane ezincane ezimnyama,edla futhi akaziboni kuze kufike mina ngimsize kodwa zihamba kundwangu emhlophe ayibhince ezifubeni sakhe. Ukuphupha udla inhlabathi okungaba umcako noma ibomvu lokho kungasho ukuthi uwumuntu wemimoya unabadala noma kungenzeka uthwase ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Reply Ukuphupha ngokucosha uhlamvu lwemali kungamela imizwa yokwenza imizamo yokufeza amacebo, ukuqondisisa noma izinjongo ozicabangile. Uma zikhula ngokushesha kusho ukuthi izinto ezinhle zizokwenzeka futhi zizokwenzeka ngokushesha. Jan 14, 2017 路 Ukuphupha ngemali. Kunamaphupho akuvezayo ukuthi kunomuntu ozohamba emhlabeni. Ngokungazi nokuhlupheka osudlule kukhona nebala uvume uthwase, uthi usuthwasile kubhede kakhulu kunakuqala. Uma uphupha uphuza umuthi kuwuphawu lwenhlanhla enkulu. IDLISO LELO 3. ukuphupha ushawa nguyena, ulwa naye or nilwa 5. Kuyenzeka uphuphela umuntu wakini noma umngane wakho okhulelwe. Kodwa ukuphupha umemulo kukuhle kujatshulwe kungasho ukuthi kukhona ubunzima obuzayo noma isifo emndenini. Uma udla ulele phansi kusho ukuthi kukhona okuzokulahlekela. Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona okuthile okumelwe ukulungise okuqondene nomsamo wakho, ngakho ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele indawo… Ukuphupha umgodi kunezincazelo ezihlukahlukene kambalwa. Uma uphupha ukuthi udla amaswidi kusho ukuthi uzothola izindaba ezimnandi noma isipho. Reply Ukuphupha indlu kuchaza ini? ukuphupha indlu ewayo kuchaza ozoshona emndenini, funda wonke amaphupho ezindlu Ngabe kusho ukuthini ukuphupha indlu noma umuzi, kuncike ekutheni idlu yenzani ephusheni, kungenzeka iyawa, kungenzeka isha, kungenzeka yakhiwa, sizokuchazela kule post Ukuphupha izilonda izilonda kuchaza ubunzima ozodlula kubona noma ukungaphatheki kahle kwempilo, ukuphupha umngani wakho enezilonda nakho kuchaza ubunzima obuzoza empilweni yakhe. Ukubona ama-apula ephusheni ngokusho kwencwadi yephupho iphupho lokuphupha ugogo omdala . Ukuphupha amanzi angcolile futhi eyizikhukhula kusuke kukhomba ukukhulelwa okungaba kuwe uma ungumuntu wesifazane noma okungaba komunye umuntu osondelene nawe. kusho ukuthini uzophupha engathi usekhaya but not leli ohlala kulo bese ulandela usindo osemnyango uze ufike ekhishini lapho uthola iscaba singakhiyiwe besebona ngathi khona into efuna kungena bese uyazama ukusivala okungaphandle kube namandla kunawe besesiyavuleka isicaba ngithi ngiyaqalaza besekuba khona uzokubamba izanadla kubesagathi kukhona okusamafuthana akugcoba kona uthi uyambamba AMAPHUPHO NEZINCAZELO ZAWO 1. ” So, when combined, Ukuphupha Umuntu Wakho Ejola essentially means “dreaming about the person you are dating or romantically interested in. Uma umuntu ephupha ebona ama-quadruplets, lokhu kungase kuzwakalise uguquko oluhle oluzayo empilweni yakhe olumemezela ukushabalala kobunzima nezinkinga ahlangabezana nazo. Leli yiphupho elingelihle, likhomba ukuba khona kwemimoya emibi ekuzungezile empilweni yakho noma kuleyo ndawo olala kuyona. Ngiphuphe ubaba wontanami esisizwana naye eshada kodwa ubungaqhubeki umshado kwavela ukuthi kumele abize mina azoxolise angazise uyashada mangifika kubo ebaleni kunetende elikhulu ufake isudi umi phambi komfundisi umakoti befake ivail evalile ebsweni angimbonanga. Uma uphupha unikezwa amaswidi lokho kukhomba inhlanhla. Ukuphupha ngezinkomo ezimnyama khona kungasho ukuthi wenganywa idlozi elibi okungaba ukuthi idlozi elisebenzile, noma umuntu owahamba ephatha amakhambi engalungile. Ukuphupha ulwa noma ushaywa kuyiphupho elingelihle, lingasho ukuthi idlozi liniphendukele. . Isikhathi esiningi amaphupho ayamaniswa namadlozi ukuthi yiwona asuke ekhuluma nawe. Uma ukhulelwe noma ushadile bese uphupha ukuthi uyazala, lokho kusho ukuthi uzobeletha kalula. Reply. Funda okunye. Ukuphupha ngemali kumela amandla okufinyelela izinhloso noma izinjongo zakho. Oct 8, 2023 路 Ukubhukuda ephusheni kuwumsebenzi ongokomfanekiso omangalisayo. Yingakho nje sikhethe ukuthi sibhale kabanzi ngaleliphupho. 24/08/2020 at 18:59 Nanti esinayo ngamapentshisi: Aug 18, 2020 路 Ukuphupha amabhayi nokugida kwezangoma akusho ukuthi thwasa 2020-08-18 - AYIKHO into ebuhlungu njengokuthi uthi uyohlola kufike kuthiwe kufanele uthwase, ukuze izinhlupheko nokugula okukuphethe kuphele. Reply Ukuphupha uzikama – kusho ukuthi uzolahlekelwa yinto ebalulekile kanti ukushintsha umbala wezinwele zakho kusho ukuthi kunenkathazo ezayo. Uma ziphuma izinwele zakho kusho ukuthi ukhathazekile Kusho ukuthini ukuphupha ukhelelwa amapetshisi amahle ngumuntu osashona wakini ekupha wona. Ukuphupha amaFruits or Vegetables #emahle ehalisa £inhlahla leyo # uwadla emnandi £ isisu leso #uwadla kdw enokubola £ ingozi, kuzochitheka isisu # ushwabene or engemahle £ inkinga leyo, nhlahla Ngiphuphe umuntu enginika ukudla ngabe lokhu kuchazani? Kungenzeka uphuphe labantu bekunika izinto: umfundisi, ubaba, umama, ugogo, umkhulu, indoda yakho, umakhelwane. Amaphupho okubika isisu noma ukukhulelwa. Ukuphupha udla kungasho into enhle kanye nengeyinhle ngempilo yakho. Ephupheni kuvele nomkhulu wam, engingakaze ngimphuphe lokhe wahamba emhlabeni, uvele ngim’jabulela… ThokozaDlozi. Ukuphupha upha umuntu imali kuchaza ukuthi esikhathini esizayo kuzofika lapho ungaswele khona, lapho kumele kube isikhathi sakho sokusiza abantu abahluphekile. Kuyenzeka bakhale ngokuthi balambile, lapho-ke kusuke kumelwe kwenziwe umsebenzi kuhlatshwe imbuzi, inkomo noma izinkukhu ukuze badle. Uma uphupha udla izithelo kusuke kunguwena ozokhulelwa noma kanti vele usukhulelwe. 20/06/2021 at 12:11 Ukuphupha ugeza umuntu wesilisa uma ungowesimame lokho kusho ukuthi loyomuntu osuke umphupha usuke enesilwane athweswe sona okwenza izinto zakhe zingamhambeli kahle. Amaphupho ngodokotela. ” Ukuphupha izinto ezimbi njalo akuyona into enhle ngoba kusuke kunobungozi phakathi. Ukuphupha ngamaphilisi nakho kuhle futhi kusho ukuthi uzophepha uma uhamba izwe. UBOKWAZI BAYAKUTHWEBULA LAPHO 4. Okubi ukuthi kungasho ukumosha isikhathi ngamacebo ocabanga ukuthi mahle kodwa angemahle. Ukuphupha Ugwazwa Ngomese Lijulile lona leliphupho uma uze wakwazi nokubona ukuthi ugwazwa ngasikhali sini noma siphi. ukuphupha umnakwenu ekhala, ediniwe, ethukuthele, ecasukile, ethetha, ekwatile Hello ngicela ukubuza, ukuphupha ugogo wakho ongasekho emhlabeni ekhuluma nawe kodwa ekufulathele kusho ukuthini. Uma izitshalo zikhula kancane kus… Ukuphuha isihlahla noma izihhlahla kungasho izinto eziningi:Uma isihlahla sisikhulu namagatsha amaningi-kusho ukuthi uyoba nempilo enokujabula nekhaya elikhulu. Ukuphupha ukhala izinyembezi ujulukile, ubaleka, usukelwa ngabantu noma isilwane noma wesukelwa inkomo, kuchaza ukuthi kunobungozi obukulandelayo. Ukuphuza amanzi Ukuphupha umama wakho osewashona kuchaza amadlozi akini akuvakashele, kungenzeka afike engazimele yena kodwa emele bonke abantu bomndeni asebashona Ukuphupha umama wakho kuyancika ekutheni uphuphe wenzani nomama wakho, uyaphupha uxabana nomama wakho, uphuphe ulwa nomama wakho, uphuphe uhamba nomama wakho Nov 9, 2022 路 Ngiphuphe ingane encane ka bhuti wam isanenyanga ezimalwa,sengath kuthiwa ishonile kuze kutshelwe nabantu , jikijiki mangith ngiyo cleaner mina kuleyondlu ya bhuti enomzimba wengane embhedeni, mangimbula ingubo kube sengath ivula amehlo ingane, ngilibele ngimile eduze kwayo ngiyimbula until ize ivuke, mangith ngyayishiya ikhale ingibambe isihleli ngezinqa, ngiyithathe ngiphume nayo phandle Ukuphupha ukhala ngenxa yenjabulo kuchaza injabulo enkulu ezayo empilweni yakho. Cha lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Uma uphupha uhleli kubo lokhu kungasho ukuthi kubo babekuthanda, futhi basuke besakucabanga noma ungasekho naloyomuntu, basakhuluma nangawe. Ukufa yinto engeke siyivimbele ukuthi ingenzeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukhumbula indawo lapho ubhukude khona (ulwandle, ichibi), uzothola incazelo enembe nakakhulu. Uma uphupha udla inhlabathi wuphawu oluhle, makungukuthi ubhekene nesimo esinzima empilweni kungasho ukuthi isimo sizoshintsha sibe ngcono, kodwa uma izinto bezikuhambela kahle kungasho ukuthi N模icela ulwazi ngephupho lami. Esiyaye sikusho nje wukuthi kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi utheni kuwe. UKUPHUPHA UZIBUKA ESBUKWENI . ukuphupha usembhedeni naye nendoda yakho 4. Kungenzeka uzizwe ukhululekile ubona inkinga sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kungahlotshaniswa nohlobo oluthile lokuncishwa okuthile, okuthinta kakhulu umphuphi, ikakhulukazi esimweni somzwelo. Ukuphupha ngemali ewukheshi kusho amandla okufeza izinjongo ngenkululeko ephelele. Kodwa lokhu akufanele kwenzeke ngendlela angalungile. Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokubeletha amawele. Ngicela ukubuza ukuthi kuchazani ukuphupha ubaba wam ongasekho emhlabeni ngimphupha uyathetha. Kunezimo ezithile ezehlukile ongaphupha imoto kuzo. Owesilisa osemncane: Uma In Zulu, “Ukuphupha” means “to dream,” “Umuntu Wakho” refers to “your person,” and “Ejola” relates to “dating” or “in a romantic relationship. UKUPHUPHA INYAMA YANGAPHAKATHI LESO ISIFO 2. Okusangozana ngaleliphupho wukuthi lo omphupha enqunu kunokwenzeka ukuthi nguwena qobo lwakho kodwa iphupho likufihlile. Uma uphupha uzala kodwa ungakhulelwe, lokho kusho ukuthi kunenkathazo esendleleni. Amaphupho asho okuyinhlanhla: Ukuphupha unikwa imali , ukudla, ubisi, utshwala, imoto, amanzi, isipho, iwashi, izibusiso. Okunye okubalulekile wukuthi umphuphe enzani. Amanzi afanekisela imizwa, intuition, ubuwena obujulile, nengqondo enganakile Ukuphupha uhlanya lukushaya noma lulwa nawe kungasho ukuthi abakini abadala bakuvakashele kodwa bakubonisa ukuthi kukhona okwenzayo okumele ukuyeke, bakulwisela ukuthi ushintshe izindlela zakho. Ukuphupha izinwele ezinde / sezikhule kakhulu zizinde – kusho ukuthi usungumqambimanga futhi uma sezibomvu kufanele uqaphele izitha empilweni yakho. Uma uphupha ngamakhambi kusho ukuthi umuntu omaziyo ogulayo uzoba ngcono maduzane. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka uphuphe ngaye ngoba usamcabanga. Ukuphupha uzikakele khona kungasho ukuthi kunomuntu osuke ekuxabanisa nomlingani wakho ngesichitho. leliphupho likukhombisa ikusasa lakho lapho usungucaphuna kusale. kuekb fdfgfo dnljmly fpx vdfvw lub ztcu ikla uwjsi rdo